Operators in C

Operators in C

Operators are symbols that can perform different operations on operands.

Types of Operators:

• Arithmetic Operators
  For Example: int num1=5, num2=2;
  

  Operator	Name	Example	Result
  +	Addition	num1+num2	7
  -	Subtraction	num1-num2	3
  *	Multiplication	num1*num2	10
  /	Division	num1/num2	2
  %	Modulo (Remainder)	num1%num2	1

• Relational Operators
  For Example: int num1=5, num2=2;
  

  Operator	Name	Example	Result
  <	Less than	num1<num2	0
  >	Greater than	num1>num2	1
  <=	Less than or equal to	num1<=num2	0
  >=	Greater than or equal to	num1>=num2	1
  ==	Equal to	num1==num2	0
  !=	Not equal to	num1!=num2	1

• Logical Operators
  For Example: int num1=5, num2=2;
  

  Operator	Name	Example	Result
  &&	Logical AND	(num1>0) && (num2>0)	1
  ||	Logical OR	(num1>0) || (num2<0)	1
  !	Logical NOT	!(num1>0)	0

• Bit-wise Operators
  For Example: int num1=5, num2=2;
  

  Operator	Name	Example	Result
  &	Bitwise AND	num1&num2	0
  |	Bitwise OR	num1|num2	7
  ^	Bitwise XOR	num1^num2	7
  <<	Left Shift	num1<<1	10
  >>	Right Shift	num1>>1	2
  ~	Bitwise NOT	~num1	-6

• Assignment Operators
  For Example: int num1=5, num2=2;
  

  Operator	Example	Result (Value of num1)
  =	num1=5	5
  +=	num1+=num2	7
  -=	num1-=num2	3
  *=	num1*=num2	10
  /=	num1/=num2	2
  %=	num1%=num2	1

• Increment and Decrement Operators
  For Example: int num1=5;
  

  Operator	Example	Result
  ++	num1++	6
  --	num1--	4

  Increment and decrement operators are used to increase or decrease the value of a variable by 1. These operators can be used in both prefix and postfix forms.

  Pre-increment or pre-decrement means increment or decrement the value of the variable before using it in an expression.

  For Example:
  #include <stdio.h>
  int main() {
      int num1 = 5, num2 = 2;
      int preIncrement = ++num1;
      int preDecrement = --num2;
      printf("num1 value: %d, Pre-incremented value: %d\n", num1, preIncrement);
      printf("num2 value: %d, Pre-decremented value: %d\n", num2, preDecrement);
      return 0;
  }
  
  Output:
  num1 value: 6, Pre-incremented value: 6
  num2 value: 1, Pre-decremented value: 1
  

  Post-increment or post-decrement means use the current value of the variable in an expression and then increment or decrement it.

  For Example:
  #include <stdio.h>
  int main() {
      int num1 = 5, num2 = 2;
      int postIncrement = num1++;
      int postDecrement = num2--;
      printf("num1 value: %d, Post-incremented value: %d\n", num1, postIncrement);
      printf("num2 value: %d, Post-decremented value: %d\n", num2, postDecrement);
      return 0;
  }
  
  Output:
  num1 value: 6, Post-incremented value: 5
  num2 value: 1, Post-decremented value: 2
  
• Ternary Operator
  

  Ternary operator is a conditional operator that evaluates a condition and returns one of two values based on the result.

  Syntax:
  condition ? value_if_true : value_if_false;
  For Example: int num1=5, num2=2;

  Operator	Example	Result
  ?:	(num1>num2)?num1:num2	5

• Miscellaneous Operators
  

  These operators are used for various purposes in C programming.

  Operator	Description
  ,	Comma operator
  sizeof	Returns the size of a variable or data type

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Common Interview Questions

1. Find sum of two numbers without using '+' operator?
2. Find largest number without using relational operators?
3. How to check given number is even or odd without using '%' operator?
4. How to double a given integer without using '*' or '+' operators?